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When planning an essay, what is the first thing an author should do before drafting?

  1. Collect sources

  2. Outline the essay

  3. Choose a topic

  4. Identify the audience

The correct answer is: Choose a topic

Before drafting an essay, the first thing an author should do is choose a topic. This is because selecting a topic is the starting point for writing an essay. Without a clear and focused topic, it will be difficult for the author to effectively organize their thoughts and create a cohesive essay. Collecting sources and outlining the essay may come after choosing a topic, as these steps require a clear direction for the essay. Identifying the audience may also come later in the writing process, as the author may need to adjust their tone or language depending on who will be reading the essay. Choosing a topic is the pivotal first step that sets the foundation for a successful essay.